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Performance Analysis of Multi-User Massive MIMO Downlink under Channel Non-Reciprocity and Imperfect CSI

机译：信道下多用户大规模mImO下行链路的性能分析   非互惠和不完美的CsI

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This paper analyzes the performance of linearly precoded time division duplexbased multi-user massive MIMO downlink system under joint impacts of channelnon-reciprocity (NRC) and imperfect channel state information (CSI). Weconsider a generic and realistic NRC model which accounts for transceiverfrequency-response as well as mutual coupling mismatches at both user equipment(UE) and base station (BS) sides. The analysis covers two most prominent formsof linear precoding schemes, namely, zero-forcing (ZF) and maximum-ratiotransmission (MRT), and assumes that only the statistical properties of thebeamformed channel are used at the UE side to decode the received signal.Closed-form analytical expressions are derived for the effective signal tointerference and noise ratios (SINRs) and the corresponding capacity lowerbounds, stemming from the developed signal and system models. The derivedanalytical expressions show that, in moderate to high SNR region, theadditional interference caused by imperfect NRC calibration can degrade theperformance of both precoders significantly. Moreover, the ZF is shown to bemore sensitive to NRC with a much more severe performance loss compared to MRT.Numerical evaluations with practical NRC levels indicate that this performanceloss in the received SINR can be as high as 85% for ZF, whereas it is typicallyless than 25% for MRT. The derived analytical expressions provide useful tools,e.g., in calculating the NRC calibration requirements in BSs and UEs for givenspecific performance targets in terms of the system capacity lower bound oreffective SINR.
机译：本文分析了在信道非互易（NRC）和不完善信道状态信息（CSI）共同影响下，基于线性预编码时分双工的多用户大规模MIMO下行链路系统的性能。我们考虑了一个通用且现实的NRC模型，该模型考虑了收发器的频率响应以及用户设备（UE）和基站（BS）端的相互耦合失配。该分析涵盖了线性预编码方案的两种最主要形式，即强制零（ZF）和最大比率传输（MRT），并假设在UE端仅使用波束形成的信道的统计属性来解码接收到的信号。根据已开发的信号和系统模型，得出有效信干噪比（SINR）以及相应容量下限的形式形式的分析表达式。推导的分析表达式表明，在中等到高SNR区域中，不完善的NRC校准引起的附加干扰会显着降低两个预编码器的性能。此外，ZF被证明对NRC更敏感，与MRT相比性能损失更为严重。实际NRC水平的数字评估表明，接收到的SINR的性能损失对于ZF可能高达85％，而通常情况下几乎没有超过捷运的25％。所导出的分析表达式提供有用的工具，例如，用于根据系统容量下限或有效SINR计算给定特定性能目标的BS和UE中的NRC校准要求。

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